Martin Luther King Rhetorical Analysis - 1154 Words

Much of argumentative writing centers around rhetoric, the art of persuasion. Writers use certain rhetorical devices to engage and persuade their readers. Generally, we think of persuasion in terms of three rhetorical appeals. Aristotle first categorized these appeals based on logic (logos), ethics (ethos), and emotion (pathos). Most strong arguments have a balance of all three appeasl, although logos has proven to be more essential than the other two for a valid argument. In the same way these appeals aid writers in getting their points across, they can also be misused, stretching facts to agree with their argument. In 1963, Dr. Martin Luther King was arrested for participating in a march that did not have a valid city issued†¦show more content†¦Dr. King also uses logic to address the clergymen’s claim that he has broken the law. Dr. King devotes eight paragraphs to build a logical reasoning that explains why he broke the law. He first admits that yes, he did break the law. He then goes on to postulate that there are just laws as well as unjust laws. All people have a legal and moral responsibility to obey just laws but an equally strong moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws. To develop this argument, Dr. King then makes a distinction between just and unjust laws using three points. Just laws square with the law of God and are in harmony with moral law. An unjust law is out of harmony with moral law, is devised without universal consent, and then compels one group to obey another’s rules that they themselves are not obligated to follow. Dr. King then applies his reasoning to segregation laws and specifically the laws that prohibit his public demonstrations. Lastly, Dr. King cites historical incidents when unjust laws were broken to include early Christians, Socrates and the patriots of the Boston Tea Party. Pathos is from the Greek words â€Å"suffering† and â€Å"experience† and is for the most p art an emotional appeal. As the name implies, emotional appeal targets the emotions and feelings of the audience to create a type of relationship with the author. Because humans are such emotional creatures, it is helpful for writers to employ this strategy in their rationalizations. It is an appealShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Rhetorical Analysis806 Words   |  4 PagesRhetorical Analysis of Martin Luther King’s Speech â€Å"I Have a Dream† Likita M. Taylor ITT-Tech English 1320: Composition I November 12 2012 Rhetorical Analysis of Martin Luther King’s Speech â€Å"I Have a Dream† â€Å"I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.† These are the opening words of Martin Luther King’s â€Å"I have a dream speech†, which he predicted will be the foundation of the Civil Rights MovementRead MoreEssay on Martin Luther King Rhetorical Analysis1420 Words   |  6 PagesDreaming About Freedom Martin Luther King Jr.s I Have a Dream speech is one of the most successful and most legendary speeches in United States history. Martin Luther King Jr. was a masterful speaker, who established a strong command of rhetorical strategies. By his eloquent use of ethos, logos, and pathos, as well as his command of presentation skills and rhetorical devices, King was able to persuade his generation that the Negro is not free (King 1). His speech became the rallying cry forRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Martin Luther King Jr.1046 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis Essay Civil rights activist, Martin Luther King Jr. gave his memorable â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech while standing at the feet of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. His uplifting speech is one of the most admired during the civil rights era and arguably one of the best in American history. On August 28th, 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. spoke about the true American dream: equality. Although the video of his oral spectacle is powerful, the written document portrays exactly howRead MoreMartin Luther King Rhetorical Analysis1260 Words   |  6 PagesMartin Luther King Jr. advocates for non-violence throughout much of his â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail.† However, he uses the extremist behavior of the black nationalists as a way to threaten the â€Å"white moderates† into siding with him on the issue of Civil Rights with the idea that he is the most moderate and sensible person leading the fight for equality. How can King justify using others’ violence t o argue for nonviolence? Even though King’s tactics seems contradictory, it did help to encourageRead MoreMartin Luther King Rhetorical Analysis1098 Words   |  5 Pagesthe sermon â€Å"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God† by Jonathan Edwards and â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† by Martin Luther King Jr, both authors use several different effective rhetorical methods to convey their messages to the audience. Edwards (one of the best speakers in his time) and King (one of the most influential Civil Rights activists) both use these methods in an effective way. King and Edwards both use different methods to convey their messages, but it is important to analyze what one isRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Martin Luther King s Speech1460 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscussing, rhetorical analysis asks us to look not only at what a text says, or the meaning of the text, but also at how that meaning is created in the text. For this assignment, I want to challenge you to n ot just analyze the â€Å"ethos, pathos, and logos† of a text, but to delve deeply into how the text moves us to identify with its message, and to think, feel, or act in a specific way. One of the reason why this text became the most popular text of our century. First of the speaker Martin Luther KingRead MoreA Rhetorical Analysis Of Dr. Martin Luther King On The Church1256 Words   |  6 PagesA Rhetorical Analysis: Dr. King on the Church Missionary and Professor Charles Porter vocalizes a profound point during a lecture, â€Å"The only person who justifies us is Jesus.† This speaks measures regarding the Church and their responsibility to uphold justice. As people who claim to follow Jesus, the Church should be leading the charge against injustice. However, in the past century it failed to act upon the injustice of segregation. Analyzing Letter from Birmingham Jail, it becomes clear thatRead MoreMartin Luther King Letter Rhetorical Analysis710 Words   |  3 PagesIn a letter by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., the civil rights leader uses various rhetorical devices to justify his actions for the nonviolent actions. His primary audience throughout the letter was to the clergymen who made accusations against Dr. King. He justifies his cause and argues the necessity of immediate action using rhetorical appeals such as ethos, pathos and logos. By using these various devices, Dr. King can gain the support needed for the Civil War Movement from his audience. Read MoreThe Rhetorical Analysis Of Martin Luther King Jr.1139 Words   |  5 Pagesuse rhetorical devices and strategies to get their point across and try to convince the reader to believe in their perspective. It can also be used to get emotions from its readers, but that isn’t really the whole point of persuading someone. For instance, Martin Luther King Jr. uses an abundance of pathos in order to make the reader or clergymen feel sympathy towards the black people. Along with pathos, he uses logos and a bundle of hypophora. In order to obtain the goal of persuasion, Martin LutherRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Martin Luther King Jr847 Words   |  4 PagesMartin Luther King Jr and The Civil Rights Movement Martin Luther King Jr was a protestor who became the most important spokesperson and leader in the Civil Rights Movement.  He was a member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People(NAACP) and in 1954, he decided to take a position as a preacher at Dexter Avenue Church in Montgomery, Alabama. King felt as though it was his moral duty to help the civil rights movement which is why he planned many activities that will help

Top 10 Things to Know About Franklin Pierce

Experiment 1 Calorimetry Free Essays

Experiment 1 Calorimetry Chem 17 Univerity of the Philippines Diliman Discussion All chemical reactions involve energy. By understanding the behavior and connection of energy flow within a chemical reaction, we can understand and manipulate them to our advantage. The most common form of energy observed during chemical reactions is heat. We will write a custom essay sample on Experiment 1 Calorimetry or any similar topic only for you Order Now The reaction may absorb (endothermic) or release (exothermic) heat, depending on the reacting substances. Calorimetry is the process of measuring the heat flow between a system and its environment. The device used to measure this heat transfer is called a Calorimeter. The measurement of this heat is called the enthalpy of the reaction (? H). There are two types of calorimeter. The first is a bomb calorimeter where the reaction takes place at constant volume. The other type is the coffee cup calorimeter, wherein the pressure is held constant while the reaction takes place. In the experiment, a modified coffee cup calorimeter is used. It is made up of a Styrofoam ball for insulation, a six-inch test tube, a cork and a thermometer. The setup used is adiabatic, which means, the system is isolated from the surroundings so there is no heat flow. The first step is to calibrate the calorimeter. Every calorimeter has its own specific heat constant (CCal). NaOH is first poured into the test tube, and then the Ti is measured. Then, HCl is made to react with the base and then the Tf is measured. The net ionic equation of the neutralization reaction is show below. H+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l) ? H = -55. 85KJ Using the data obtained (? T) and the knowledge of the enthalpy of reaction of neutralization of an acid by a base, the CCal can be computed. Equation (1) is an application of the Law of Conservation of Energy, where the heat released by the reaction will be absorbed by the surroundings. Equation (2), which is the formula for computing CCal can be derived from the thermochemical equations. -qreaction= qcalorimeter (1) Ccal= nLR ? ?H? T (2) Table 1 shows the average Ccal values of each group. The values can then be used to compute for the ? H of other reactions. Each calorimeter has its own Ccal value, which will be used in the following computations. Table 1. Computed CCal values of each group. GROUP NUMBER| AVERAGE CCal (KJ)| 1| 1. 520| 2| 1. 117| 3| 1. 047| 4| 1. 100| 5| 1. 894| 6| 0. 698| 7| 0. 960| 8| 2. 304| 9| 1. 224| After the calorimeter is calibrated and the CCal is computed, the ? H of the other reactions can now be obtained. The same procedure is repeated using the other specified pairs of reagents. After the ? T is obtained, the ? H of the reaction can be calculated using the previously obtained CCal value through Equation (3) derived formulas from the thermochemical equations. Table 2 shows the computed average ? H values of the different reactions in the experiment, theoretical values of ? H calculated from the data in the lab manual using Equation (4), and the computed percent error. All reactions were assumed exothermic based on the results. The amount of heat released by the reactions varied. The reactions between active metals and acids released the most amount of heat while the neutralization reactions and the synthesis reactions released fair amounts of heat. ?Hrxn= -Ccal? ?TnLR (3) H= vp? Hproducts-vp? H(reactants) (4) Table 2. Tabulated results. REACTION| THEORETICAL ? H| EXPERIMENTAL ? H| EXOTHERMIC/ENDOTHERMIC| % ERROR| NH3 + HCl| -52. 22 KJ/mol| -121. 6 KJ/mol| Exothermic| 132. 9%| NaOH + CH3COOH| -52. 47 KJ/mol| -39. 09 KJ/mol| Exothermic| 25. 5%| NH3 + CH3COOH| -56. 09 KJ/mol| -68. 055 KJ/mol| Exothermic| 21. 3%| NaOH + HNO3| -55. 85 KJ/mol| -4. 4 KJ/mol| Exothermic| 92. 1%| HCl + Mg| -466. 85 KJ/mol| -478. 05 KJ/mol| Exothermic| 2. 4%| CH3C OOH + Mg| -953. 1 KJ/mol| -237. 15 KJ/mol| Exothermic| 75. 1| CuSO4 + Zn| | -426. 65 KJ/mol| Exothermic| 75. 1| Na2CO3 + CaCl3| -13. 07 KJ/mol| -276. 48 KJ/mol| Exothermic| 95. 1%| Na2CO3 + CaCl3| -13. 07 KJ/mol| -1. 224 KJ/mol| Exothermic| 87. 1%| The results show that each reaction releases or absorbs different amounts of heat depending on the nature of the reactants and type of reaction. Displacement reactions by active metals release significantly higher amounts of heat than neutralization reactions while the synthesis reactions yielded the least amount of heat. The results of the experiments support the fact that energy flows in and/or out of a system during a chemical reaction. References 1. Petrucci, R. Appendix D Data Tables. Gen. Chem. 2011, 10th Ed. , 242 – 244 2. Brown, W. Doc Brown’s Chemistry. http://www. docbrown. info/page07/delta1He. htm (accessed November 17, 2012) 3. Petrucci, R. Appendix D Data Tables. Gen. Chem. 2011, 10th Ed. , 271 4. University of the Philippines Diliman Institute of Chemistry. Experiment 1 Calorimetry. General Chemistry II Laboratory Manual. 2011. 1- 8 How to cite Experiment 1 Calorimetry, Essay examples

Monsanto IT Opportunities and Risks

Question: Discuss about theMonsanto IT Opportunities and Risks. Answer: Introduction Monsanto is an American multinational agricultural biotechnology and agrochemical company. It is the leading producer of the Roundup, a glyphosate-based herbicide and genetically engineered seed in the world. Monsanto was among the first company to successfully conduct field trials on the genetically modified crops and the first to apply in agriculture the biotechnology business model through the use of the techniques developed by biotech drug companies (Hirschler Kelland 2012). According to Hartwell and Martucci (2010), Monsanto has operations in different parts of the world like Asia, Africa, Canada, US, South America and Europe. The company employs approximately 26,100, and its headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri. This paper will analyse the IT opportunities and the risks of Monsanto Company. Monsanto IT Opportunities According to Griffin (2007), the ability to discover companys hidden opportunities can act as a source of competitive advantage. Organisation opportunities are the areas that a business can exploit to its advantage. A SWOT analysis is one of the tools used by companies to identify hidden opportunities from the external environment. The Monsanto IT opportunities include the following; Turn Data into Food According to Monsanto Company CIO James D. Swanson the company technology mission of turning data into food summarises the companys future IT analysis about yielding digitally and creates numerous opportunities for the IT to facilitate the growth in the agronomy field. Over the years, Monsanto Company has had a strong historical research relating to genomic alteration and is currently in the process of accumulating their best combinations to ensure higher yield of the new varieties through the use of the existing genes. A number of opportunities are available to Monsanto Company from different IT platforms as the company seeks the collaboration of mobile devices, logistics, barcode scanners and RFID tags because these will create opportunities for the company to make historical advancement and optimise its operations in the agriculture industry through extensive research. Innovation Driven Monsanto Company continues with its innovation activities by concentrating on three preliminary steps which include; first, searching for new ideas and boosting its own IT system. Second, entering in strategic partnership with eligible organisations aimed at combining strengths to aid in the development of technology. Third, the company acquisition of appropriate technology, for example, Monsanto Company has recently acquired Climate Corporation a company leading in providing the local weather updates through climate analysis. It is the belief of Monsanto Company that every company should design its own vision in a way that it ensures the company keep speeding its pace and running for it. As such the company vision should not be attainable but rather should always be improvising. Such a vision helps the company to drive more close to innovation and think more broadly. The main focus of the company should be delivering value to its consumers and therefore, according to Monsanto Compan y innovation does not have to necessarily be in-house. Therefore, innovation can come from different sources. However, the company has a duty to the monitor the future implications of innovation to the company and ensure quick response in delivering value. Monsanto Company believes in being alert to new innovations across the globe. The company also explores new ideas from different sources and bring them together with the aim of building a stronger technology. IT as a Brand of Monsanto The Monsanto Company IT is a brand on its self and has been a source of the company competitive advantage. The company IT plays a significant role in research and continues to add value to the organisation. The main aim of the company IT is to enhance business productivity and revenue by creating efficiency as well as acting as a transformation agent for the organisation. The IT can be used by companies to introduce and use disruptive innovations to create new opportunities for the organisation. Monsanto Company can use IT to increase its sales volume and transform its whole business processes through automation and reduction of the company expenditure and the overall costs. Sustainability Management through IT In June 2014, Monsanto Company announced the selection of the Locus Technologies to provide comprehensive, integrated software to the company with the objective of creating a sustainable management and environment stewardship by use of the corporation facilities. Monsanto has adopted the Global Reporting Initiative framework which is a comprehensive reporting structure used widely around the world to effectively evaluate, communicate and build upon the company current sustainability efforts. Monsanto Company is a member of GRIG4 pioneer program, and to enable its transition to the new GRIG$ platform the company is using Locus enhanced data collection process. The company has already implemented the Locus award-winning EHS and sustainability software platform to provide with enterprise tools to organise GRI reporting solution and indicator collection for its corporate sustainability. The adoption of this technology enables the company site personnel to enter GRI indicator data and pro duce reports for their sites. As such, the company personnel can produce aggregated data reports for the entire organisation for use in automation and preparation of their GRI reports. Digital Technologies According to Monsanto Company, digital technologies can be used to ensure more accurate inventory and timely information hence simplifying the retail seed business. As such, the adoption of the technologies can improve the level of professionalism seed dealers demonstrate to farmers, thus, enhancing trust because the farmers are aware that their seed dealer is aware of and have accurate inventory count and can provide them with the products they need whenever they need it. The digital technologies help trace and track products through the distribution channel and to the acre, thus, enabling seed sustainability and stewardship to protect business investments. Digital technology has the effect of creating confidence and trust in the bill given to them at retail. Use of Online Platform through E-commerce Monsanto Company has adopted the use of e-solutions to provide electronic solutions to match various businesses irrespective of their operations technical sophistication and size. Thus, the e-solutions provide a competitive electronic business tool to Deltapine, DEKALB and Asgrow seed dealers. The use of e-solutions provides the seed dealers with everything at their fingertips from seed ordering, invoicing, sales reporting and inventory management. Monsanto Company e-solutions tools include; One, MyMonsanto- it is a transactional website which enables seed dealers, seed contract managers and crop protection distributors to gain access to sales, financial, order reports and seed stewardship tool along with links to other pertinent websites and document forms. The most frequently used feature of the MyMonsanto is the seed ordering which allows flexibility order management and order targeting. Two, SeedTrack- it's a proprietary software targeting Asgrow and DEKALB seed dealers only and not the retailers selling other crop inputs or multiple brands. The SeedTrack has various business tools like inventory management with a delivery notification, seed ordering, invoicing, customer quotes as well as delivery receipts for the customers. The use of E-connectivity increases operational efficiency through the use of proven approach in the transmission of information electronically between the company and diverse retail partner systems. The service targets the retailers using accounting software systems that support multiple service and crop input. Some of the benefits of using the service include a timely exchange of critical business information, enhanced accuracy, reduction in the need for manual inventory and a single point of data submission in retailers system. Strategic Transformation According to the September 2015 Computer Business Review reports, Monsanto Company is in planning to enter the Big Data market with its focus on agriculture. The report further reveals that the company has in the recent months been meeting a large number of Tech start-up with the plans of acquiring some of them. Monsanto Company plans on offering hardware and software tools that use data to help boost the crops yields such as intelligent seed choices and data soil chemistry. Monsanto shift highlights a growing trend by market specific companies to offer dedicated services. Customers prefer these solutions rather than the general analytics platform that are not specifically designed to suit their needs. Digital Farming In October 2014, St. Louis Business Journal reported that Monsanto Company will in the next two years invest over $20 million with the aim of accelerating its plant breeding program. The journal further claimed that the money would be used in developing integrated technology centres in Indiana, Illinois, Nerbraska, Minnesota, Maryland and Lowa. According to Monsanto, in an effort to speed the breeding pace the centres will combine breeding research with the predictive analytics and data science. In an interview, Mike Graham said that the data collected over the years by Monsanto in genetic research and field trials could be used to help researchers predict the performance of hybrid and inbred lines in the unwavering company search for a higher-yielding seed. Graham further claimed that the data could be used by the company to improve its efficiency and act as a source of its competitive edge in the industry. In a statement, Monsanto VP of the global plant breeding, Sam Eathington cla imed that the company was at a unique inflexion point in plant breeding evolution where predictive analytics and data science will help in unlocking the previously untapped plant genetics potential. Risk of IT at Monsanto In the argument of Kreitner (2009), risks are can either be internal or external threats or anything that is likely to adversely affect business. The organisation success over the long run depends on the management ability to identify the risks facing the business and their ability to develop appropriate strategies to address those risks. Piercy and Giles (2009) claim that the failure of the business management to implement appropriate strategies to address the risks facing a business could impact negatively on its profitability and competitiveness. A SWOT analysis could be used to help identify the risks facing an organisation. Monsanto IT risks include the following; IT Culture Conflict Over the years, Swanson has been on a mission trying to change the organisation IT culture at Merck. Merck largely relies on the internal employees to develop the systems they need whereas Johnson and Johnson, a former employer, tend to buy more than they build. He doesnt believe that there is a good reason to build from scratch. In his view, the market has mature products that meet the company needs and thus, no need to build from scratch. Rising Competition In September 2015, Computer Business Review reported that the company is facing a formidable competition. Accenture offers Connected Crop Solutions and Precision Agriculture Service, and the market is flooded with start-ups. For example, according to the article, Agrilyst offers to greenhouse growers online platform for data analytics. Cyber Security Cyber security is one of the challenges facing Monsanto. WSJ in 2015 reported that the company had invested huge resources in cyber security as the farming business grows more data centric, with algorithm-driven planting and satellite-steered tractors services expanding across the US Farm Belt. According to CTO Robert Fraley, the industry is still new to it. He further claimed that the company was consulting with cyber security experts and the government as its shores up its defences given the strength and frequency of the cyber attacks. However, he claimed that we are living in a world where will never be 100% effective. Greens Revolt In the recent years, Monsanto has become a huge target by environmentalist protesters and critics who fear the health risks and implications of the Genetically Modified Organisms. A study conducted in January 2015, found that Soybean workers were exposed to the agrochemicals like glyphosate, which is one of the Monsanto main components in the production of Roundup herbicide while other biocides suffered from cell damage and elevated DNA. The study which was published in Genetic Toxicology/ Mutation Research and the Environmental Mutagenesis journal involved 127 people among them 81 were exposed to biocides while working in Brazillian Soybean industry and 46 non-exposed persons were in a controlled group. According to researcher Danieli Benedetti and his team, the exposed group exhibited damaged DNA and elevated level of cellular apoptosis. The study concluded that the genetically-modified soybeans used in the state of Rio Grande do Sul has toxic ramifications for the workers especially those used in the city of Espumoso. The genetically modified seeds produced by multinational agribusiness conglomerates like Monsanto are developed to withstand drenching by glyphosate and other biocides with the aim of terminating weed nuisances, fungus and insects. According to studies, glyphosate is associated with the fatal kidney disease which has affected poor farming regions globally. The United States has approved Monsanto new genetically modified cotton and soybeans designed to withstand a dominant biocide that fights weed resistance developed due to the companys glyphosate-based Roundup herbicide. Monsanto Company has faced numerous legal battles. It is reported that the company lost approximately $156 million as a result of a legal settlement in an environmental legal case. Activists from five continents around the globe organised a resistance under the March against Monsanto which comprised of 52 nations, in May 2014. The company continues to witness more protests against it. In the recent times, more than 120 organisations have joined the annual We are Fed Up demonstrations focusing on the increased importation of the American farming practises like chemical meat treatment, genetic modification and the frequent animal antibiotic injections as a result of the implementation of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership. In a statement, Monsanto said it would not try to increase approved Genetically Modified crops in Europe due to consistent pushback. Reference List Griffin, R. W. (2007). Fundamentals of management: core concepts and applications. Boston, Mass, Houghton Mifflin. Hartwell, M. Martucci, D. (2010). Monsanto: A Marketing Case Study. Hirschler, B. Kelland, K. (2012). Study on Monsanto GM corn concerns draws skepticism. Reuters: Ed UK, 20. Kreitner, R. (2009). Management. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Co. Piercy, N. Giles, W. (2009). Making SWOT analysis work. Marketing Intelligence Planning, 7(5/6), pp.5-7.